If you’re the parent of an active child, you know kids manage to get hurt in all kinds of creative ways. Many orthopedic injuries sustained by children happen in or around the family home. So, can you treat your child’s injury at home, too, or do they need to be seen by a medical professional?

Bumps and bruises, small abrasions, and mild sprains and strains can all be safely and effectively treated at home. The key is to have a firm understanding of what is considered “mild”—and what isn’t.

There are distinct orthopedic injuries that parents should never attempt to treat at home or “wait out.” Injuries that render the child unable to walk or put weight on the affected limb require attention beyond your four walls. In these cases, children should be seen by their pediatrician or a pediatric sports medicine specialist, if possible.

A qualified pediatric medical professional should also evaluate any injury that results in a deformity. Depending on the severity, significant cuts, abrasions and burns may call for a physician. Head injuries where there is a loss of consciousness, confusion, nausea, vomiting or any other disability associated with the injury should be evaluated immediately at the emergency room.

If your child’s injury is mild, what can you have on hand at home to be ready to help provide relief? Over-the-counter medications such as children’s acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be helpful, but consult with your pediatrician for the appropriate dosage. Other medications, such as Benadryl, an antihistamine, can also be useful. If the child has a specific condition requiring medication, this should be on hand and readily accessible by their caretaker.

Bandages of different shapes and sizes should always be on hand for small cuts or abrasions. Hydrogen peroxide and saline can be used to keep cuts and scrapes clean, and rubbing alcohol can be used to disinfect. Ice packs can help relieve pain after a minor sprain or strain and for bumps and bruises.

Other essential components of an at-home first aid kit include adhesive tape, bandages, super glue, eye shields, cotton balls or swabs, scissors, hand sanitizer and a thermometer. Parents can never be too prepared when it comes to their children.

If you are in any doubt about your child’s injury, call your doctor. If they are unable to see your child or you are concerned about waiting, go to the emergency room.

I always recommend erring on the side of caution for any injury. There is no substitute for peace of mind.

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