Cerebral Autosomal-Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) and Cerebral Autosomal-Recessive Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL) are extremely rare genetic ...

The calcaneus is the large bone at the heel of the foot. It is usually fractured after a fall from a great height or in a motor vehicle accident.

Calluses and corns are thickened areas of skin caused by rubbing (friction) or pressure. The outer layer of skin thickens to protect the bone under the skin with extra padding. Calluses most often occur on feet and hands. Corns are a ...

Campylobacter infection is a mild to serious digestive illness. It is caused by bacteria. Symptoms often include cramping, diarrhea, belly pain, and fever.

Thrush is a type of fungal infection. It occurs in your mouth and throat. Thrush does not usually affect healthy adults. It is more common in people with impaired immune systems. It is also more likely in those who take certain kinds of ...

Candidiasis is an infection caused by yeast called Candida. Candida normally causes no harm, and is found on the skin, vaginal area, and digestive system. But in some cases, it can overgrow. This can cause a rash, itching, and other ...

Canker sores are small sores inside the mouth. They are often found inside the lips, on the cheeks, or on the tongue.

Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is a condition that leads to repeated and severe bouts of vomiting. It results from long-term use of marijuana).

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a type of bacteria. They can cause infections. These infections can be hard to treat.

Carbon monoxide poisoning is a life-threatening emergency. It occurs when you breathe in carbon monoxide (CO) fumes.

Carbon monoxide poisoning is an illness that occurs from breathing in carbon monoxide (CO) gas. It is a medical emergency and needs treatment right away.

Carcinoid tumor is a rare type of tumor that grows slowly.

In carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP), doctors can’t tell where the cancer started. CUP has already spread by the time it’s diagnosed. Learn more about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments.

Cardiac sarcoma is a rare type of cancerous tumor that occurs in the heart.

Cardiac tamponade happens when extra fluid builds up in the space around the heart. This fluid puts pressure on the heart and prevents it from pumping well.

Tumors that originate in the heart are rare, but can be either benign or malignant. Because the heart is such an essential organ, even benign tumors can be life-threatening.

Carnitine is a natural substance that the body uses to process fats and produce energy. Carnitine deficiency is when not enough of the nutrient carnitine is available to cells in the body. This can cause muscle weakness and heart or ...

Carnitine is a natural substance that the body uses to process fats and produce energy. Carnitine deficiency is when not enough of the nutrient carnitine is available to cells in the body. This can cause muscle weakness and heart or ...

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) deficiency is a very rare condition that causes muscle weakness and other symptoms. It happens because of a problem with 1 of 2 enzymes, CPT1 or CPT2. Enzymes are substances in the body that help ...

Carotid artery disease causes a narrowing of the major blood vessels that supply the brain. It is caused by atherosclerosis and can lead to a stroke.

When an abnormal connection happens between either of the carotid arteries and the veins just behind the eye, it is called a carotid cavernous fistula. Because the carotid arteries have a greater pressure of blood flow than do the veins,...

A carotid dissection is a type of tear in one of your carotid arteries. It is a common cause of stroke in people younger than age 50.

Carotid stenosis, also known as carotid artery disease, is a narrowing of a carotid artery. The narrowing is caused by plaque or fatty deposits along the inner wall of the artery resulting in reduced blood flow to the brain and, in some ...

Women develop carpal tunnel syndrome three times more frequently than men. It usually occurs only in adults.

The carpal tunnel is a passageway through the wrist carrying tendons and one of the hand's major nerves known as the median nerve. Pressure may build up within the tunnel because of disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, injury and fluid ...

Damaged cartilage can lead to pain and swelling, which make it difficult to maintain an active lifestyle without pain and discomfort. Fortunately, there are multiple treatment options for damaged cartilage.

Our joints are lined with a smooth, white tough substances called cartilage. This surface helps joints move smoothly. As we age or engage in sports, this cartilage can become damaged. Sometimes conditions such as osteochondritis ...

Cartilage is a white, gristle-like material covering the ends. Torn cartilage can cause you may long-term issues if not properly treated when the injury occurs. Cartilage can tear in almost any joint of the body. Cartilage tears are the ...

Cat scratches and bites can cause cat scratch disease, a bacterial infection carried in cat saliva. The bacteria are passed from a cat to a human after the cat licks its paws then scratches human skin.

Cat scratch disease is a bacterial infection carried in cat saliva. It is passed from a cat bite or scratch to a human. It can also result from a fleabite, but cats are the main source.